Universal chuck



y 1952 J. c. HARVEY 2,598,165

UNIVERSAL. CHUCK le Aug. 4, 1948 2 SHEETS--SHEET 1 2! 1 I 5 5j 10 T451 2, 1 l 20 M y 27, 1952 J. c. HARVEY 2,598,165

- UNIVERSAL CHUCK Filed Aug. 4, 1948 2 SHEETS--SHEET 2 Patented May 27, 1952 UNIVERSAL CHUCK Jesse Carlton Harvey, Oneida, Westcott Chuck Company, pcration of New York N. Y., assignor to Oneida, N. 31., a cor- My. invention relates to a universal chuck and I declare the following to be a full, clear, concise and exact description thereof suiilcient to enable anyone skilled in the art to which it appertains 'to make and use the same,- rcference being had to. the accompanying drawings in which like characters refer to like parts throughout.

The object of the invention is to provide a chuck more particularly for use in small shops and. in home Work shops. The chuck is provided with means of rotating the scroll which operates the jaws by the insertion of the end of a key wrench into holes in the periphery of the scroll, whereby it can be operated over the maximum g y ra dly- There is also means for rotating the scroll, whereby to provide sufficient grip for' turning cuts in the lathe consisting of a bevel gear pinion formed integral with the key wrench which meshes with gear teeth on the underside of the scroll. This latter method provides an 8 to 1 ratio to enable the operator to grip and securely hold anything within the range of the chuck.

The back ring below the scroll gear is provided with holes spaced 60 apart to receive the key' wrench thus creating the efiect of a-sii; pinion chuck so that no matter where the chuck stops it will be possible to insert a wrench without revolving the chuck to find the pinion.

Furthermore, it is provided with a utility adapter flat plate mounting a stud threaded 1 -8 on which the chuck is threaded. The plate may then be bolted toan angle plate, a drill press table, milling machine table or like device by use of bolts.

The object will be understood by referring to the drawings in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the chuck.

Fig. 2 is a plan view looking down from above.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail view showing a central vertical section of an inverted cup shaped member used.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a scroll used.

Fig. 6 is a detail view showing a perspective of one of the jaws used.

Fig. 7 is a plan view on reduced scale of a utility adapter plate used to support the chuck.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the chuck embodies a circular inverted cup shaped member I having a depending peripheral flange 2 and a central depending sleeve 3 which has interior threads 4 and exterior threads 5 for a purpose hereinafter mentioned.

1 Glaim. (Cl. 2v9 114) 2 Member I has a central opening ill. Three radially disposed open recesses H, II, II are formed in the upper surface of member I. They are disposed at about an angle of 120 degrees-to each other and communicate with central opening It. Projecting into each of said recesses from opposite sides thereof are ridges I5, 5 5 formed integral with member I. Said ridges I5, i5 are disposed about midway between the upper and lower surfaces of member I. They extend longitudinally to said recesses Ii and form runners on which jaws It, It hereinbelow mentioned slide and are held from vertical displacement.

Each of the jaws It has two upper surfaces at 20 and El arranged on different planes, whereby shoulders are formed at 22 and 23.

Said planes 26, 2| and shoulders 22 and 23 will support and'hold objects of difierent diameters. The opposite lateral sides of jaws I5 are grooved at 25, 25 to fit ridges I 5,15 on. which said jaws it slide as above mentioned. Theopposite ends of each of said jaws I 5 are V-shaped, whereby to allow said jaws I6 to approach each other with their contiguous faces making contact.

Transversely disposed depending oval shaped teeth 26 extend across the lower surface of each of said jaws I6. Said teeth 26 engage a spiral groove 3i] formed in the upper surface of scroll Si by a spiral member or ridge 32, whereby the turning of said scroll 3I relative to member I will force jaws IE5 towards or away from each other in accordance with the direction of turning of said scroll 3 I.

Scroll 3i has formed on its upper surface upstanding spiral member 32 that starts near the periphery thereof and ends near the central opening 35. A narrow marginal space 36 between the surface of spiral member 32 and the outer peripheral surface 3? of scroll 3! will allow for fitting said spiral member 32 up into the chamber 40 formed in member I and to turn therein for moving jaws I6 inward towards each other or outward away from each other.

The central opening 35 made in scroll 3| will allow said scroll 3i to be fitted to sleeve 3 and turn thereon. It will be held in place by a back ring screw mounted to the external threads '5 formed on the lower end of sleeve 3. It is held from turning relative to member I and sleeve 3 by screws dl, dl' engaging diametrically disposed threaded apertures 43, 48 made partially in sleeve 3 and partially in ring 55.

The means for turning scroll 3i contemplates a beveled gear pinion 50 formed integral with the shaft SI of a key wrench 52 that has a reduced extension 53 at one end adapted to be removably projected into any one of the six recesses 54 spaced about sixty degrees apart made in the lateral surface of back ring 45. Said recesses 54 are disposed radially and at approximately equal intervals apart.

The outer end of shaft is provided with a cross aperture for the sliding fit of a rod 55 disposed at right angles to shaft 5|. The ends of rod 55 are enlarged slightly after it is assembled to prevent said rod from slipping out of its bearing in shaft 5|.

The beveled teeth of pinion 50 will mesh with the teeth 56 of gear 6|] formed on the lower surface about the periphery of beveled scroll 3| when the extended part 53 of shaft 5| is inserted into any one of the recesses 54 in back ring 45. The turning of beveled pinion 50 by means of key wrench 52 with its cross rod 55 serving as a handle will cause the turning of scroll 3| and the corresponding movement of jaws |B.

Recesses 65 are made also in the lateral surface of scroll 3| at suitable intervals for the insertion of the extended end 53 of shaft 5| for turning scroll 3| over the maximum range very rapidly.

The chuck can be mounted on a fiat utility adapter plate having a threaded upstanding stud H for engaging the internal threads 4 of sleeve 3 on member I.

Open recesses I2, 1'2 are made in the Opposite reduced ends of plate 10, whereby to bolt said plate 10 to a drill press table or the like.

Operation In operation the user will bolt the adapter plate 10 to a drill press or other suitable fixture and then mount the chuck thereon by engaging the internal threads 4 of sleeve 3 with stud H of the plate 10.

For use on the lathe, not shown, the chuck is threaded on to the lathe spindle by means of the interior threads 4 in central depending sleeve 3.

The jaws l5 are operated in a rapid manner over the extreme range of the chuck by inserting the key wrench extension 53 into a convenient recess 65 in the scroll 3| and rotating by the aid thereof.

To obtain maximum gripping force the key wrench extension 53 is inserted into one of the six convenient recesses 54 in back ring and engaging beveled gear pinion 50 with teeth 56 of gear 50 and then rotating said pinion 50 by means of said key wrench 52.

Furthermore, the six spaced recesses 54 in the back ring 45 will create the effect of a six pinion chuck, whereby no matter where the scroll 3| stops it will be possible to insert extended end 53 of the key wrench 52 into one of said recesses 54 without revolving the chuck to find the pinion.

What I claim is:

In a universal chuck, a member having radial recesses, ridges formed in said member, jaws having ll-shaped ends, whereby to allow their contiguous ends to meet in a common center, recesses formed in said jaws, whereby to slidingly mountsaid jaws on said ridges, depending oval shaped'teeth formed in said jaws, a depending sleeve formed in said first named member, a scroll mounted to turn on said depending sleeve, a spiral recess formed in said scroll for the reception of said oval shaped teeth, a ring screw mounted to said depending sleeve, bolts engaging said ring and sleeve, whereby to hold said ring in assembled position on said sleeve, a gear rack formed on said scroll, a beveled pinion adapted to engage said gear rack, a shaft carrying said pinion, and peripheral recesses formed in said ring for the reception of said shaft.

J. CARLTON HARVEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,692 Fairman July 18, 1840 83,349 Whiton Oct. 20, 1868 224,119 Whiton Feb. 3, 1880 1,831,225 Bogart Nov. 10, 1931 

